Biosynthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Combination with Glyphosate Herbicide and Effect Against Cogon Grass Control

Abstract

For enhancing herbicide efficacy a total of 42 soil samples, five species of bacteria that grew the most were selected for regarding other isolates: (Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia fonticola, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pantoea spp., Pseudomonas mendocina). Extracellular extracts of these bacteria were made and then used to manufacture iron oxide nanoparticles biologically. It was observed after measuring the average diameter by AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) for each NPs prepared were 65.14, 29.21, 63.87, 57.89 and 36.59 nm, respectively. The synthesis conditions were a pH of 7 and 50°C. Based on the AFM values, Serratia fonticola was selected as having the smallest average diameter of 29.21 nm to complete the rest of the techniques (UV-VIS, AFM, FTIR and FE-SEM). The wavelength of Fe2O3NPs by using UV-VIS is 359 nm, Image FE-SEM displays spherical Fe2O3NPs in Nano-cluster form and the average volume is 29.21 nm by AFM. Utilizing the Randomized Complete Block Design methodology with 6 treatments, two factors: Glyphosate herbicide at the recommended dose and three concentrations of the prepared (Fe2O3NPs) from Serratia fonticola were 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/ml. Halfa plant was controlled using these treatments, and after 30 days, the efficiency of the treatments was measured on a set of characteristics. It was found the lowest number of plants and the highest percentage of control was in the treatment 5 glyphosate and Fe2O3 NPs con. (1.5g/ml) was 1.26, 5.33 and 90%, respectively. The study effectively shows the potential of employing Fe2O3NPs generated from S. fonticola to improve the efficacy of Glyphosate for Cogon management.