Relationship Between Post-Pubertal Mumps Infection In Males With Infertilityand Its Effect on The Result of Seminal Fluid Analysis and Occurrence of Immunological Infertility

Abstract

Background: Mumps caused by paramyxovirus in the same group as parainfluenza and Newcastle disease virus, orchitis is the widely recognized complication in post-pubertal males. Approximately 50% of patients with orchitis have some degree of testicular atrophy, but sterility is rare. Objective: To demonstrate the effect of the post-pubertal mumps infection on the result of seminal fluid analysis and to know if infection by mumps after puberty can lead to immunological infertility and production of anti-sperm antibodies. Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional study in which 300 infertile males attending microbiology laboratory in Rizgary teaching hospital in Erbil city in Iraqi Kurdistan from November 2017- September 2018. Questionnaire was prepared for each male which included: name, age, occupation, history of mumps infection after puberty. Seminal fluid collected from each patient after 3 days of abstinence and analyzed according to WHO guidelines. Seminal fluid and serum obtained from each infertile male for the detection of anti-sperm antibodies by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Results: The mean age of the participant in the study was (32.805 year) with the maximum and minimum age was (50, 18) years respectively. The incidence of post-pubertal mumps was (13.3%) and the incidence of abnormal seminal fluid analysis was (10%) and the highest abnormal seminal fluid variables among infertile males with post-pubertal mumps was oligoasthenozoospermia (43%) and the anti-sperm antibodies in the semen of infertile males with post-pubertal mumps infection was (60%) while the frequency of anti-sperm antibodies in the serum in infertile males with a history of post-pubertal mumps was (40%) which was higher than those with no history of post-pubertal mumps with highly significant relation statistically. Conclusion: Abnormal seminal fluid analysis result may be due to post-pubertal mumps and it can lead to (Asthenozoospermia, Oligospermia, and Teratozoospermia). The highest percentage of abnormal seminal fluid variables was Oligoasthenozoospermia the occurrence of anti-sperm antibodies can be the sequence of post-pubertal mumps and by itself can lead to abnormality in the seminal fluid analysis. Mumps can lead to male infertility by affecting the seminal fluid parameters and also by the production of anti-sperm antibodies which can lead to subfertility in adult males.