Effect of Doping and Annealing Temperatures of Structural Properties of SnO2 Nanoparticles

Abstract

Nano particles powders of SnO2 and Sn1-xNixO2 (x = 0.10 and 0.15) used in this study are synthesized by sol-gel method. The prepared powders were annealed at 400℃ and 700℃, then characterized their x-ray structure, FTIR and SEM. From, the structural study their grain size by Debye-Scherrer and Williamson-Hall equations, lattice parameters, unit cell volume ,crystal density, internal strain, dislocations density, surface area , and number of unit cells were calculated for different annealing temperatures as well as for doping variations. Single phase of SnO2 tetragonal structure is confirmed from a very small variation of structural parameters with annealing temperature. Spherical particles in the nanoscale level, with the size increasing as annealing temperature increase and decrease with doping percentage increase at the same temperature are observed from XRD results. While FTIR study revealed the distortion of the SnO2 octahedron. Scanning electron microscopy SEM revealed a morphology of fully dense of SnO2 and that doped samples at 15% which annealed at 400ºC and 700ºC. While energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy EDX presented the percentages of Sn, Ni and minor oxygen concentration.