STUDY COMPLEMENT ACTIVITY AND HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a syndrome of metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, resulting from deficiency of insulin secretion or insulin action or both, and results in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Because diabetic patients suffer from lingering infections, the aim of this study was to determine the functions of serum complement and its relationship with immunoglobulin profiles in patients with type 2 DM. A total of 57 patients and 30 healthy volunteers were included in this study with age range between 34 - 63 years among patients group and age range between 30 - 61 years among control group . The results of the study showed that the mean duration of disease for diabetic patients was found to be 10.25 year (±5.92). Serum IgG , IgM and IgA were measured by single redial immunodiffusion method , also complement components C3 and C4 were measured by single redial immunodiffusion method. In the type 2 DM patients, the results of immunoglobulin profiles IgG, IgM and IgA were found to be significantly lowered (p<0.05) in comparison with healthy control group whereas the levels of C3 and C4 were higher significantly decreased (p<0.001) in comparison with healthy control group. The results of this study indicate that serum complement and immunoglobulins activities was impaired in type 2 diabetic patients , so as result to decrease of immune response which might be a cause for delayed wound healing and repeated infections.