Histological Evaluation of Local Application of Flavonoid Extract of Capparis Spinosa on Wound Healing in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Background: In diabetes, there are big concerns regarding impaired wound healing and other tissue disorders. The time and quality of wound healing are affected by many factors. One of the medical sciences ' aims is short-term wound healing with decreased side effects Herbal products are more valuable in both prophylaxis and curative in slowed diabetic wound healing as compared to synthetic drugs A considerable number of researches have shown that capers plant has distinct biological effects, including antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial activity. Phytochemical analysis reveals C. Spinosa has large amounts of bioactive compounds, including polyphenolic compounds, which are essential for its health-promoting effects. Objective: Histological evaluation of the effect of topical application of flavonoid extract of Capparis spinosa on the healing of incisional cutaneous wounds in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Patients and Methods: A total of 30 healthy male Wistar rats weighing approximately 250-300 g were used in this study. A surgical incisional wound with full skin thickness of 1.5 cm length were done in cheek skin of each rat. All rats were randomly divided into following groups: Group A: (10 healthy rats) received daily local application of the plant extract. Group B: (10 alloxan-induced diabetic rats) received daily local application of extract of the plant material. Group C: (10 alloxan –induced diabetic rats) where normal saline was applied locally instead of plant extract. Assessment of wound contraction was done as well as epithelial thickness inflammatory cell count and blood vessels count. Scarification of all animals was done for the healing periods (3 and 7 days), and specimens were prepared for histological analysis. Results: The results revealed that the recorded mean values of wound contraction increased with time in each group and that the highest mean values recorded in group A and B. Mean values of inflammatory cell count decreased with time lowest values recorded in group A after 7 days. Regarding epithelial thickness values increased with time. Blood vessels count showed highest mean value in group A at day 7. Conclusion: Results from this study showed that flavonoid rich extract of Capparis spinosa enhances wound healing process in diabetic rats.