The physiological Aspects of Hyperlipidemia in health and Disease

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is abnormally elevated levels of any or all lipid or lipoproteins in the blood due to ab-normal fat metabolism or function . Hyperlipidemia is an increase in one or more of the plasma lipids, including triglycerides, cholesterol, cholesterol esters and phospholipids and or plasma lipoproteins in-cluding very low density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein, and reduced high-density lipoprotein levels. The high-density lipoprotein is a major protective factor that helps in obliterating cholesterol from the arterial wall. The ratio of high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol is a prevalent way to assess the atherogenicity index . Hyperlipidemia relates to increased oxidative stress causing significant production of oxygen free radicals, which may lead to oxidative modifications in low-density lipopro-teins, which present a significant function in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and asso-ciated cardiovascular diseases in animals and human .